Caribou
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), in North America called caribou,
species of deer (family Cervidae) found in the Arctic tudra and adjacent borea; forest
of Greenland, Scandinavia, Russia, Alaska, and Canada. Reindeer have
been domesticated in Europe. There are two varieties, or ecotypes:
tundra reindeer and forest (or woodland) reindeer. Tundra reindeer migrate between tundra and forest in huge herds numbering up to half a million
in an annual cycle covering as much as 5,000 km (3,000 miles). Forest
reindeer are much less numerous.
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